Wisdom Tooth Decay - Why are Wisdom Teeth Prone to Decay/Cavities

Have you ever thought that one of the most widespread diseases in the world is actually the most neglected? Yes, we are talking about tooth decay - this small hole in the tooth that we often ignore until we have time, enough money, and the courage to see the dentist. However, without prompt attention, tooth decay can cause serious problems.

You may get decay on any of your teeth. And yes, your wisdom teeth may also decay. As a matter of fact, your third molars are much more prone to cavities than the rest of the teeth. The issue is especially prevalent when it comes to impacted wisdom teeth or those molars that cannot come out properly.

Wisdom teeth, particularly impacted wisdom teeth, should be extracted by oral and maxillofacial surgeons with sufficient knowledge and experience. Such specialists can handle more complex cases and prevent or manage issues that may arise after wisdom teeth surgery.

Feel free to contact us if you need wisdom tooth decay treatment and our dentists will recommend the best course of action for your particular case.

Here, we will discuss what causes wisdom tooth decay and why these teeth are at greater risk of being problematic.

Causes of tooth decay: Why are wisdom teeth more prone to decay?

The main culprit for developing tooth decay or cavity is bacteria: the thin, sticky coating that we all have in our mouths. When you eat food, these bacteria eat some of it too, and they particularly love things like sugar. Foods like sweets, cakes, and chocolate interact with bacteria, creating acid. This acid is then released onto the surface of your teeth, causing them to deteriorate. And the more sugar you eat, the more acid the bacteria make and the weaker your teeth become. Over time, this can eventually lead to holes or decay in your teeth.

These last adult teeth to emerge can cause many dental problems, including cavities. Why is that? Here are some reasons.

Wisdom teeth grow in areas that are hard to reach

Third molars or wisdom teeth are the last teeth that come in into your mouth. You normally should have four wisdom teeth located in the very back areas in the lower and upper jaw. This makes them much more difficult to clean. As a result, wisdom teeth, especially the lower ones, build plaque and calculus at a faster rate than your other teeth.

Even when you practice meticulous oral hygiene, you may not be able to clean your final set of teeth adequately. That is why they often develop decay soon after their breakthrough. Furthermore, the accumulation of food debris and plaque around healthy or decaying wisdom teeth leads to an increased risk of developing cavities in the neighbouring teeth.

They often grow in the wrong direction or do not come in all the way

Wisdom teeth frequently become impacted. This is when the tooth has failed to erupt because there is not enough room in the mouth. In such cases, the third molar is usually obstructed by another tooth or the wisdom tooth grows in such a way that it is hard to enter the mouth normally. The lower wisdom tooth is normally more likely to be impacted than the upper wisdom tooth.

When wisdom teeth do not fully emerge, an opening is created around the tooth, allowing bacteria to enter. The area may become a food or plaque trap, and eventually cause tooth decay on the partially erupted tooth or the tooth in front of it.

In addition to the cavity, the impacted wisdom tooth can cause a lot of dental problems including pain in the upper or lower jaw, gum disease, pericoronitis (inflammation of the soft tissue), and others. In the majority of cases, partially erupted wisdom teeth require removal.

If you want to learn more about this you can read our article on the causes, symptoms, and treatment of impacted wisdom teeth.

How do you know you have wisdom tooth decay?

Tooth decay usually occurs in five stages, with a deterioration worsening as the stages progress. Here are all the phases of the disease and the symptoms you may experience during each one.

Initial demineralisation

The first sign that you may be developing dental decay is the occurrence of a white spot on your tooth. However, it is not always evident and may be difficult to discern with the naked eye.

Enamel decay

During this stage, the white spot usually begins to turn brown. Your teeth may become sensitive to cold and hot liquids. You may also experience sharp discomfort when eating sugary foods.

Dentin decay

You are more likely to have extreme tooth sensitivity to cold and hot drinks during this phase. Furthermore, you may have an unpleasant taste and bad breath in your mouth as a result of the deterioration and growth of cavities.

Pulp damage

This is a more advanced stage of the disease that is more likely to cause pain, discomfort, and swelling around the affected wisdom tooth.

Formation of wisdom tooth abscess

Wisdom tooth abscess is a severe dental problem which causes intense toothache, swelling, and pain in your gums. The pain and swelling may also spread to your face and jaw. The condition typically requires immediate medical attention.

Seeking prompt treatment for wisdom tooth decay should be a priority to help prevent further damage.

What to do if you have a wisdom tooth cavity?

Obviously, the first thing you should do if you suspect that your wisdom tooth is decaying is to book an appointment with your dentist. He or she will assess the health and position of your third molars. Your dentist will also advise you whether to keep or remove them based on their eruption position, your ability to maintain them clean, and the degree of the decay. However, keep in mind that in the majority of cases, dental specialists recommend wisdom tooth removal surgery to prevent further complications.

What are the treatment options for wisdom tooth decay?

Wisdom tooth extraction

Dentist using surgical pliers to remove a decaying tooth in clinic

As we mentioned at the beginning of the article, most dentists recommend extraction of the problematic third molars, particularly when it comes to impacted wisdom teeth. When these teeth are left in the mouth, they frequently cause more harm than good.

Even if your wisdom teeth do come in all the way, they are very far back of the mouth, and you can really have a hard time keeping them clean. And, while your dentist may be able to fill your tooth, it is quite likely that it may decay again in the future.

In fact, many dental professionals recommend the removal of third molars at a younger age, before they have completely formed. Having your wisdom teeth extracted earlier has several advantages. First, the procedure is easier. Second, the vast majority of people will need to have their wisdom teeth removed at some point anyway. Third, the early extraction minimizes the risk of post-surgical complications and allows for the best overall healing.

Dental Fillings

Orthodontist picking soft tooth filling from dental spatula

Although wisdom tooth extraction is usually the preferred treatment option, in some cases, your dental provider may be able to save the affected tooth by filling its hole. It is a dental procedure where the dentist removes the damaged areas of the tooth and then fills the space with an artificial substance (filling material).

However, such treatment is possible only if you have mild decay, your tooth is fully erupted and is in a correct position. In more severe cases or if you have a cavity on your impacted wisdom tooth, then your dentists will probably recommend extraction.

Frequently asked questions

Is it common for wisdom teeth to decay?

Yes. It usually happens because of the location of the wisdom teeth. Because they're at the back of the mouth, cleaning them properly is significantly more difficult. Furthermore, wisdom teeth are often unable to erupt properly because there is insufficient space in the mouth. Thus, they can easily trap food and bacteria, making them more prone to cavities.

What happens if wisdom teeth decay?

You may feel pain and discomfort during the early stages of tooth decay. If the problem is not treated, it can cause more severe complications such as jaw and gum pain as well as swollen infection of the gums.

How do you fix wisdom teeth decay?

Your dental professional will recommend dental fillings or wisdom tooth extraction based on the severity of tooth decay. In general, decayed teeth can be repaired through dental fillings or root canal therapy. However, most dentists will recommend surgical removal when it comes to wisdom teeth.

What happens if rotten teeth are left unattended?

Leaving rotten teeth without attention can negatively affect both your oral health and your overall body. It can cause gum disease, infections and intense pain. Furthermore, some experts claim that when teeth rot collects in the mouth, it might cause blood poisoning since it is swallowed along with salvia.

Is wisdom tooth surgery high risk?

Wisdom teeth removal is a relatively safe procedure that is usually performed under local anaesthesia. However, there are some complications you may experience after this surgery, including:

Damage to the surrounding teeth or nerves.
Socket infection. It is usually caused by trapped food particles and bacteria.
Dry socket. It occurs when a blood clot at the removal site dislodges or fails to form at all.

Such complications are more likely to arise after the surgical removal of an impacted wisdom tooth.

How do you know if your wisdom teeth are infected?

If you have a wisdom tooth infection, you may experience pain around the affected tooth, swelling of the gum tissue, bad breath, and others. Sometimes the gum infection can cause severe pain which spreads to the face and jaw, fever and swollen lymph nodes. The condition requires immediate medical help.

What is Pericoronitis - Symptoms and Treatment

The eruption of the third and final set of molars, or the so-called wisdom teeth, almost always causes problems. As a matter of fact, wisdom tooth removal is among the most commonly performed surgeries in dental practices. The procedure is often required when the gums around the emerging tooth become inflamed.

Here, you will learn more about pericoronitis, including its symptoms and possible treatment options. We will also go over some commonly asked questions about this condition. So, please read ahead!

What is pericoronitis?

Pericoronitis is a condition in which the gum tissue surrounding an erupting tooth becomes inflamed. A typical area in the mouth where adults suffer from pericoronitis is the wisdom teeth area.

Wisdom teeth are quite often not able to fully erupt. Instead, they remain part-erupted and part-submerged in the alveolar bone, covered with a thin layer of gum tissue. As this tissue is not firmly attached, it can move slightly and create a little pocket where food and bacteria can easily enter and become trapped. As a result, this soft tissue growth becomes infected, painful and swollen.

Symptoms of pericoronitis

Symptoms of pericoronitis may vary from mild and moderate to severe. It usually depends on whether you have acute or chronic pericoronitis.

Mild symptoms that are more common with chronic pericoronitis include:

Dull pain and discomfort around the crown of the affected tooth
Bad breath and bad taste

Acute pericoronitis is more likely to cause moderate to severe signs and symptoms, such as:

Severe pain in the area of the back teeth
Swelling of the soft tissue
Difficulty chewing and swallowing
Discharge of pus
Loss of appetite
Infection

In rare cases, the infection may spread and cause fever and lymphadenopathy or swollen glands.

When to see a doctor?

If you experience any of the pericoronitis symptoms, be sure to schedule an appointment with your dentist. Although in some cases, you might be able to manage the condition at home, it is still essential to talk to a specialist. The doctor will check your teeth and mouth and will take an x-ray to see whether you have a partially erupted wisdom tooth that is causing the problem. Your doctor will also decide what treatment is best for you, depending on the severity of the condition.

If you get a fever, swollen lymph nodes, sickness, jaw spasms and other severe symptoms, do not waste time and call your dentist immediately. Such signs usually indicate a spreading infection and might be life-threatening, so it is crucial to seek immediate medical help.

Pericoronitis treatment: How do dentists treat pericoronitis?

female dentist examining patient for pericoronitis

Your dentist will recommend a treatment for you depending on the severity of pericoronitis. If you have a mild infection, you might be given instructions on how to manage the condition at home. In case you experience soreness and swelling in the cheek and jaw area, then your doctor may prescribe antibiotics and pain medicine. Severe infection of the gum tissue may need to be addressed with minor oral surgery. If pericoronitis occurs frequently to you, your dentists may also recommend extracting the wisdom tooth that causes the problem.

Oral rinses and pain management

If you suffer from a mild form of pericoronitis, then your dentist may clean out food debris and residue from the affected area and instruct you on how to manage it at home. You may be advised that you rinse your mouth with warm salt water and practice good oral hygiene. To relieve pain and discomfort, the dentist may also prescribe topical or oral medicine.

Antibiotic treatment

If you have a bacterial infection and swelling in your cheeks and jaw, your dentist can prescribe you oral antibiotics. These medicines will help to relieve the swollen gum tissue and prevent the progression of the wisdom tooth infection.

Oral surgery to remove the gum flap

When you have more severe inflammation of the gum tissue, then you may need to undergo minor surgery called operculectomy. This is a procedure which involves the removal of the gum flap (operculum) or the overlapping gingival tissue that is forming the pocket. The gum flap surgery allows the partially erupted tooth to come in. However, it is still possible for the flap to grow back, causing pericoronitis again. This might necessitate a second surgery.

Wisdom tooth extraction

In most cases, dentists recommend the removal of the affected wisdom tooth. This is the only treatment that can totally eliminate pericoronitis. The procedure is relatively straightforward and in most cases is carried out under local anaesthesia.

At-home management of pericoronitis

woman taking pain relievers at home to treat pericoronitis tooth ache

It's normal to experience mild pericoronitis when your third molars first erupt. The symptoms usually last only a few days, but you may want to take certain precautions at home.

Use mild pain relievers and common anti-inflammatory medicine, which you may buy from your local pharmacy store. If you are not sure what to get, consult your doctor about it.
Be sure to follow a conscientious oral hygiene regimen. Clean frequently and thoroughly the affected area. Use a soft toothbrush and, with careful, gentle movements, try to remove the food particles that may have been wedged underneath the gums.
Use mild antiseptic oral rinse, 2-3 times per day. Such practice will help you alleviate the swollen tissue and keep it free from food debris.
Avoid hot and spicy meals as well as sticky and hard foods during the inflammation period. Choose soft and cool food like fruits and vegetables.

Be sure to visit your dentist regularly to monitor the eruption of your third molars. Depending on the situation, he/she may recommend early extraction of the teeth to prevent pericoronitis and other problems.

Pericoronitis during pregnancy

Pregnant women are more likely to develop pericoronitis and other gum diseases. This is because the hormonal changes during this period make the gums more vulnerable to accumulating plaque, which in turn increases the risk of inflammation.

Women who are pregnant and suffer from pericoronitis need to be especially cautious since this condition can negatively affect the fetus. Treating pericoronitis during pregnancy must be coordinated between a dentist, gynaecologist, and general practitioner.

Mild cases of pericoronitis in pregnant women are usually treatable with adequate dental hygiene, oral irrigates, and rinses. In terms of wisdom tooth extractions, dentists usually prefer to postpone these kinds of treatments out of caution. However, if a woman has severe pericoronitis, the dentist may decide to undertake wisdom tooth extraction.

How long does pericoronitis last?

Symptoms of pericoronitis may last from a few days to two weeks or even longer. Chronic pericoronitis might return occasionally and cause minor pain that lasts for a few days. Acute pericoronitis might last a few days or several weeks. The time it takes for pericoronitis symptoms to go away and infection to heal varies on the severity of the condition, your immunity, and the type of treatment used.

Mild chronic symptoms may disappear within a week with correct therapy and meticulous oral hygiene. If you have severe acute symptoms, and you should get gum flap surgery, then it may take about 7 to 10 days for your gum to fully heal. If you undergo wisdom tooth removal surgery, then your healing may last anywhere from 4 to 10 days. The recovery time greatly depends on the complexity of the procedure.

Frequently asked questions

How common is pericoronitis?

Pericoronitis is most common among adolescents and young adults, with approximately 81 per cent of all cases occurring during this time. It can arise anywhere in the mouth, but lower wisdom teeth are most likely to be affected.

Can you get pericoronitis after wisdom teeth removal?

Your chances of developing pericoronitis again are very low, almost none, after wisdom teeth removal. In fact, this type of oral surgery is the only treatment that completely removes pericoronitis.

Does Listerine help with pericoronitis?

Mouthwash might assist you in keeping your mouth clean and preventing pericoronitis. It could also be a useful tool if you have a minor form of this condition. However, if you have more severe symptoms, you should contact your dentist so that they can prescribe the appropriate treatment for you.

What is the fastest way to cure pericoronitis?

To heal quickly from pericoronitis, you must practice good oral hygiene and utilize oral water irrigators and rinses several times per day. Oral surgery may be required in more severe situations.

Does pericoronitis go away on its own?

No, the condition is not likely to heal on its own. If you suspect that you have any inflammation of the soft tissues surrounding your tooth, then it is best to see consult a dentist. If left untreated, this inflammation may spread to the throat and neck and become life-threatening.

How can I sleep with pericoronitis?

- Clean your mouth with salt water solution before going to bed.
- Be sure to take your over-the-counter medications.
- Avoid eating hard, chewy and spicy food for dinner.
- Sleep on extra pillows so that your head is slightly elevated.

Can I go to GP for pericoronitis?

If you think you have pericoronitis then it is best to see an oral and maxillofacial surgeon. However, you may also go to your general dentist. He or she will be able to manage the condition if your symptoms are not serious. If necessary, your dentist will refer you to an oral surgeon.

Is pericoronitis contagious?

Despite the fact that it is usually caused by bacteria and plaque accumulation, pericoronitis is not a contagious disease. The condition cannot be transmitted through kissing or sharing foods and drinks.

Is pericoronitis urgent?

Severe symptoms of the condition, such as fever, swollen lymph nodes and difficulty chewing and swallowing, require an emergency dental visit. These signs may indicate the spread of the infection, which can be dangerous as it can affect your breathing.

Does salt water cure pericoronitis?

Salt water rinses can help you alleviate symptoms of the condition. Many times, dentists recommend such treatment for patients with mild to moderate pericoronitis.

Dry Socket After Wisdom Tooth Removal - Causes, Prevention and Treatment

One of the most important parts of the recovery after a wisdom tooth extraction is the formation of a blood clot. Normally, this blood clot forms within 1-2 days following your surgery. Its role is to protect the underlying tissues from food, drink, and bacteria and allow them to heal properly.

However, there are some cases where this blood clot dislodges or fails to form at all, leaving the nerve endings and bone exposed to external environments. This may result in painful inflammation of the extraction site, which is known as dry socket or alveolar osteitis. Sometimes, this condition may heal on its own, but it may also worsen and lead to serious complications.

This article will discuss why and how you might develop a dry socket after wisdom teeth removal. We will also provide you with information about how to treat this condition and what you can do to prevent its occurrence.

What causes dry socket?

It is not clear why some people are more susceptible to developing dry sockets after the removal of their third molars. According to research, approximately 38 % of wisdom tooth extraction cases develop dry sockets.

It has been also found that this condition may be related to bacterial contamination. When food particles and bacteria accumulate inside the socket, they may cause dislodging of the blood clot and eventually dry socket.

Another thing that has been claimed to lead to the formation of a dry socket is difficult tooth extraction. Some teeth may require more complicated surgery, as it is with impacted wisdom teeth. This can cause trauma at the extraction site and prevent the formation of a blood clot, resulting in dry socket.

Dry socket (alveolar osteitis) can be divided into two types based on its symptoms. The first occurs when a blood clot does not form, leaving an empty tooth socket. The exposed bone can be easily seen in this instance. The second is when the clot has formed and there is bleeding and dark tissue in the area where the extraction was performed. However, this clot is disrupted by an external cause such as tobacco or food debris accumulation.

Risk factors for developing dry socket after wisdom tooth removal

Some patients have an increased risk of experiencing dry sockets after having their wisdom tooth removed. Why is this so? There are certain things that may lead to dislodging of the blood clot which actually serves as a protective barrier. And when this happens, it is much easier for food particles and bacteria to get inside the socket and cause bacterial infection or dry socket.

Here are some of the predisposing factors that can increase your chances of developing this condition.

Poor oral hygiene
Smoking
Using a straw when drinking
Virgos chewing or biting on the surgical site
Eating, drinking, or rinsing mouth out too soon after having a tooth extracted
Hormonal fluctuation due to menopause, pregnancy or because of taking oral contraceptives.

It is more likely that you will experience a dry socket after the removal of your wisdom teeth, especially if it is in the lower jaw, compared to the removal of other teeth. Furthermore, women are typically more prone to encountering this condition than men.

What are the symptoms of wisdom teeth dry socket?

You can develop dry socket one or two days following your wisdom tooth surgery. In many cases, the condition causes intense, worsening pain. This is actually the most common complication associated with dry sockets after wisdom tooth extraction.

What else you may experience when you have a dry socket and what does it feel like? Here are some other symptoms to look out for:

Bad breath. The unpleasant smell is usually caused by the presence of bacteria and infection at the surgical site.
Bad taste. The foul breath is often accompanied by an unpleasant taste which lingers in your oral cavity.
Swollen glands under the jaw and around the neck. You should expect some swelling following the removal of your third molar. However, if it does not improve and even worsens a few days after your surgery, it could be a sign of dry socket.

What does dry socket pain feel like?

It is normal to experience some discomfort and pain after wisdom tooth removal as the anaesthesia wears off. These symptoms, however, are easily managed with over-the-counter pain medications and should improve significantly within the next 2 to 3 days.

If you have developed a dry socket, on the other hand, you are more likely to have persistent, throbbing pain, which does not fully go away even after taking painkillers. Many patients report that this condition causes them severe pain, which is even worse than their original toothache.

You will usually feel intense pain at the extraction site, near the exposed socket. However, the discomfort can also extend to your ear, neck or even the eye. If you don’t treat the condition in time, you may face serious difficulties and complications.

If you are experiencing any of the dry socket symptoms, it is best not to delay your dental visit. Though it is sometimes possible for the condition to heal on its own, it is usually best treated by a dental specialist.

What is the treatment for wisdom teeth removal dry socket?

A dry socket should be treated by a dentist or oral surgeon. Typically, your provider will provide you with proper medical care at the dental office as well as recommend at-home care to help you manage the condition.

Here are the possible treatment options for a dry socket.

Cleaning of the affected area

Your dentist or oral surgeon will clean and flush the socket out using special dental products and equipment. The provider will make sure to remove all food particles and debris from the empty socket. The doctor may use warm saline and a powerful analgesic to clean and disinfect the area. You will probably feel an immediate relief in the area.

Dressing of the socket

The dentist will also pack the socket with a medicated dressing. It does alleviate the symptoms and aids in keeping food residue out of the socket. The dressing should be changed every few days until your symptoms have subsided. Mild cases of dry socket usually improve after one or two post-op office visits, or within a few days.

Taking pain medication and/ or antibiotics

Depending on the severity of your case, the oral surgeon may prescribe antibiotics. These will assist you in reducing infection on the surgical site. For pain management, you will also be suggested to use over-the-counter medications.

At-home cares

Your dentist or oral surgeon will instruct you on how to properly care for the extraction site at home. Once your symptoms are improved and your dressing is removed, you may be recommended to irrigate the area with a saline solution using a syringe provided by your dentist.

How to clean wisdom teeth sockets with a syringe?

Take a cup and fill it with warm water. You can use either salty water or just plain water. Insert the tip of your syringe into the cup and draw down until you fill the syringe with water. Put the tip of the pre-filled syringe directly into the surgical site, inside the socket, and flush it out. Repeat the same procedure, if needed.

Continue cleaning your socket with the syringe until the debris can no longer accumulate within the healing socket, which usually takes 3 to 4 weeks.

How to prevent a dry socket after wisdom teeth removal?

There are some simple things you can do after wisdom tooth extraction to avoid the formation of dry socket.

Avoid smoking during the healing process after your third molar surgery.
Maintain proper oral hygiene, particularly ensuring that there is no food residue near the tooth extraction site.
Chew on the opposite side of the extraction for at least a week to keep a blood clot intact.
Do not eat hard and crunchy foods during your wisdom tooth recovery. Replace them with soft foods like smoothies, shakes, yoghurt, etc.
Avoid consuming alcoholic beverages in the days following the extraction procedure.
Avoid strenuous exercise or heavy lifting for the first 2-3 days after tooth extraction.
Carefully follow your dentist's instructions.

Last but not least, make sure to carefully choose an oral surgeon who will perform your wisdom tooth extraction. Even though your general dentist may be able to perform this operation, it is best to leave it to oral and maxillofacial surgeons, especially in cases of problematic wisdom teeth or impacted wisdom teeth.

Frequently asked questions

How to remove food particles stuck in wisdom teeth sockets?

If your dentist has recommended it, you may use a prescription rinse. Alternatively, you can make a saltwater solution and rinse your mouth with it. Just be careful not to swish the liquid too vigorously. If you were given a syringe by the oral surgeon, fill it with the salt water solution and flush the area clean.

Can throwing up after wisdom teeth removal cause dry socket?

Yes, vomiting after wisdom tooth extractions can disrupt the healing process and may result in a dislodged blood clot and dry socket. You are more likely to experience vomiting and nausea if your oral surgery was performed under general anaesthesia. Consult your dentist or oral surgeon if you have such a problem. There are some medications that can help you deal with it.

When can you stop worrying about getting a dry socket?

You can stop worrying about dry socket, if a week has passed since your tooth extraction surgery and you haven't experienced any symptoms. This is actually the amount of time required for your wound to heal completely.

Can a dry socket heal on its own?

Some mild cases of the condition may heal on their own. However, if you have severe pain, it is best to see a dentist or oral surgeon for prompt treatment and relief of the symptoms. In some cases, when left untreated, dry socket worsen and cause chronic bone infection.

How long does a dry socket last after wisdom teeth?

Depending on the severity, dry socket can last from a few days to a week. Proper dry socket treatment can hasten the process. However, if you have a weakened immune system, it may take longer for the new tissue to cover the exposed bone and heal the area.

Wisdom Tooth Extraction Recovery Time & Food/Diet Tips

Wisdom teeth are the teeth that usually come in when you are between 16 and 22, and occasionally as late as 25. Known as third molars, these are the last adult teeth in the jaws. They are located after the other molars and complete your dentition.

However, wisdom teeth often cause issues and need to be taken out. Most people don’t have sufficient space in their jaw to accommodate those teeth. As a result, wisdom teeth cannot erupt properly. They may come in sideways or not emerge from below the gum at all, which is what dentists called impacted wisdom teeth.

Third molars can cause a variety of issues, and that is why they often require extraction. Many times, patients who need such a procedure face many questions and fears. Is wisdom teeth removal painful? What to expect after the surgery? How long is the recovery period?

In this article, we will answer these and other questions regarding the recovery from one of the most common dental surgeries, namely wisdom teeth extraction. So, please continue reading!

What to expect after the extraction of your wisdom tooth?

dentist performing a wisdom tooth surgery

After your wisdom teeth removal surgery, your mouth and cheeks may swell. You can also expect mild discomfort, pain and jaw stiffness. These are normal side effects of the procedure, and you shouldn’t worry about them. Your dentist will give you recommendations on how to alleviate them and have a smoother recovery.

What to expect on the day of your wisdom tooth surgery?

Your wisdom teeth surgery may last anywhere between 30 minutes to an hour. Most of the time, dental surgeons use local anaesthesia or IV sedation to numb the area. However, if your case is very complex, your operation might be carried out under general anaesthesia.

You will not experience pain during the wisdom tooth removal procedure. But, once the effect of anaesthesia wears off, you will probably feel discomfort or pain. You can also expect swelling and bleeding in your mouth. Your oral surgeon should tell you how to relieve the pain and manage other complications.

Right after your wisdom teeth surgery, you are more likely to feel somewhat tired and dizzy. This is usually because of the anaesthesia. It is best to take a good rest once you are at home. If you are hungry, make sure to consume only very soft foods.

What to expect during the first few days of your recovery?

You should feel significantly better the day after your wisdom tooth extraction. There might still be some swelling, bleeding or discomfort, but they will gradually disappear in just a few days.

You can usually return to your normal activities the day following your extraction. However, avoid vigorous or heavy exercise because it may lead to dislodging of the blood clot that develops at the extraction site. It is also best to follow a soft food diet so that you don’t hurt the healing wounds. You should refrain from smoking or drinking alcohol because they can contribute to the formation of a dry socket.

In case, the swelling does not improve with time, or you experience any unusual symptoms, for example, fever, persistent pain which is not affected by medications, or breathing or swallowing problems, be sure to see your dentist as soon as you can.

How long is wisdom tooth extraction recovery?

Three or four days following your wisdom tooth removal procedure, the swelling should fully disappear, and you should feel confident going back to work or school.

Nevertheless, it might be still prudent to stay away from strenuous activities or lifting heavy objects in order to preserve the formed blood clot. Consequently, if your job involves heavy manual labour, it might be a good idea to wait a few more days before returning.

How long is impacted wisdom teeth recovery?

If you had your impacted wisdom tooth removed, your recovery time will most likely be longer. Your swelling should subside within a week, and you may be able to return to work.

Impacted wisdom teeth removal procedure normally requires a more complex surgical approach. The oral surgeon will need to make a cut in the gum tissue and remove bone to gain access to the impacted tooth root. As a result, it may take longer for the extraction site to completely heal.

How long should pain last after wisdom tooth extraction?

After wisdom tooth removal, you may experience discomfort and pain for about 3 days to a week, depending on the complexity of the surgery. There are a few factors that will determine the amount of pain, including the amount of damage to the tissue, the amount of infection that is present and your tissue’s sensitivity.

The recovery after wisdom teeth removal is usually not associated with any severe pain. However, if you develop a more severe infection, then you will probably have more pain and a more difficult healing process. In addition, some people's tissues are more sensitive and have a higher pain threshold than others.

How to speed up wisdom teeth removal recovery?

Here, we will give you some tips on what to do and what not to do after your wisdom teeth removal in order to have a smoother and speedy recovery.

Dos after wisdom teeth removal

Take your medications. On the day of your surgery, your dentist will recommend that you begin taking pain relievers. Antibiotics are rarely prescribed following such a procedure. However, in some cases, your doctor may instruct you to take antibiotics to keep your infection under control.
Apply ice packs. Your oral surgeon may advise you to use an ice pack right after your wisdom teeth removal surgery. The cold temperature will help you reduce swelling and promote the formation of blood clots.
Eat a soft diet. You don’t want to harm or bruise the extraction area, which is very tender after the surgery. So, be sure to consume foods that are soft in texture for at least three or four days after your wisdom tooth removal procedure.
Rinse your mouth with warm water. You can start doing it one day after your surgery has taken place. It will stimulate blood circulation to the affected area. You can also use warm salt water to gently rinse your mouth after meals. In addition, salt water will help you reduce pain and prevent infection.

Don'ts after wisdom teeth removal

Avoid strenuous activity and exercise. Despite being a minor, outpatient procedure, wisdom teeth extraction still involves surgery, so it is important to keep the wound away from stress. By exercising, you may cause some unnecessary blood flow increase in that area, or you may end up injuring it. Do not exercise for at least three days after your surgery, or for a week if you had an impacted wisdom tooth extraction.
Do not gargle your mouth. Although you may get a bad taste in your mouth after your oral surgery, it is best to avoid gargling. An excessive amount of force may dislodge the newly formed blood clot, causing you to bleed again.
Do not brush your teeth the first day after your surgery. It may irritate the operated area and lead to infection. You can usually start brushing your teeth the second day following your tooth extraction.

What food can you eat during wisdom teeth recovery?

Usually, the best thing to do after wisdom tooth removal is to stick to a soft food regimen for a few days.

Some good food choices include:

scrambled eggs
yoghurt
applesauce
mashed potatoes
soft noodles or pasta
all kinds of soups (they shouldn't be too hot)

Stay away from:

crunchy, sticky or solid foods that can hurt the healing area such as nuts, cookies, chips, candy bars, etc.
spicy foods which may irritate the wound such as curry, garlic, red peppers and others
seeds and grains including rice, corn, quinoa, popcorn and so on
extremely hot food and drinks, as well as alcoholic beverages and cigarettes.

For the first three days following your operation, make sure to eat small bites of soft foods, so you don't have to chew much. You can usually get back to a normal diet after a week or when you feel comfortable.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do I know if I need to get my wisdom teeth removed?

You may require extraction of your wisdom teeth if you have pain, cysts, severe tooth decay, damage to the other teeth surrounding your third molars, or any other problem or change in the area of your wisdom teeth.

Do you need a dental surgeon for wisdom teeth extraction?

Sometimes, the wisdom teeth extraction procedure can be carried out by a dentist. However, more complicated cases, such as those involving impacted wisdom teeth, should be handled either by oral and maxillofacial surgeons or consultants in oral and maxillofacial surgery.

Is there a benefit to removing wisdom teeth?

Taking out your wisdom teeth may help you stay away from future oral health problems such as cavities, gum disease and others. Furthermore, it can prevent adjacent teeth and surrounding bone from being damaged.

At what age should I have my wisdom teeth extracted?

In truth, there is no set time when you should have your wisdom teeth removed. It can be done at any age. Many dentists, however, agree that the late teens or early twenties are the best ages to have them removed. The reason for this is that the bone is very soft, making the procedure and recovery much easier.

Impacted Wisdom Tooth - Symptoms, Causes, Treatment

The topic of wisdom teeth, or third molar teeth, has been touched upon before on this site but never discussed in more detail. In this post, we would like to address the different causes of impaction, while also dwelling upon how wisdom teeth affect the jaw and how to remove wisdom teeth by surgery. Read on.

Types of Wisdom Tooth Impaction

dentist administering local anaesthesia before impacted wisdom tooth extraction

There are a total of four wisdom teeth that develop in early adulthood, with some people having just one or none at all. As wisdom teeth erupt, their growth might be affected. Hence, there are fully (ingrown wisdom teeth) and partially impacted wisdom teeth.

A fully impacted wisdom tooth is one that is not visible at all because it is covered by the gums. With partial impaction, you can see part of the tooth. On that note, you can have an impacted upper wisdom tooth and an impacted lower wisdom tooth.

Now, let’s talk about the main types of impaction based on that.

Bony Impaction

Lower wisdom teeth are more affected by bony impaction than the upper wisdom teeth. Four different types can be distinguished:

Angular or mesial impacted wisdom tooth: this is when the tooth partially erupted because the angle it is growing at faces the front of the mouth; food can easily get stuck in there
Horizontal impaction: with this one, the wisdom tooth grows entirely horizontally and food can get stuck between the soft tissue (gum tissue) and the white structures, causing dental problems; horizontal impacted wisdom tooth removal may require general anaesthesia
Vertical impaction: this is when the wisdom tooth grows vertically, pretty much the way it should; however, it doesn’t have sufficient space to erupt properly in the oral cavity
Distal impaction: this is when the angle of growth faces the back of the mouth

Soft Tissue Impaction

As the name implies, with soft tissue impaction, it is the gums, or the soft tissue, that prevent the wisdom tooth from developing normally, and not the jaw bone. In order to take it out, oral and maxillofacial surgeons need to open up the gums.

Impacted wisdom teeth may not need to be removed at all times. A decision should be made by a specialist and it should be based on physical examination, X-rays, any oral issues present, and patient symptoms. Some people prefer to have their wisdom teeth removed as a preventative measure. But this isn't always necessary.

Causes of Impacted Wisdom Tooth

Let's review the main causes of impacted wisdom teeth.

Genetics

One of the biggest culprits of wisdom tooth impaction is the size of the jaw. Nowadays, our jaws are much smaller than what our ancestors were born with. They needed that extra pair of teeth for survival. But we don’t. We cook most of our food and we use cutlery to break it into smaller pieces.

This has changed the size of our jaws, making it difficult to accommodate so many teeth. When there is not enough room, your third molars at the back of the mouth can become impacted.

Lack of space

The lack of space is not always down to genetics, although it is the main culprit. Teeth come in many sizes. Some people just happen to have mouths that are too small to house all the teeth. Being the last teeth to erupt, the third molars just don’t have room to grow and could damage adjacent teeth.

Something is blocking the wisdom teeth

And lastly, sometimes the developing wisdom tooth has enough space to grow but it nevertheless erupts at a wrong angle because the surrounding jawbone or neighbouring teeth cause a blockage.

Symptoms of Impacted Wisdom Tooth

Swollen gums
Bone loss
Earache
Jaw pain
Bad breath
Difficulty opening the mouth wide
Difficulty swallowing
Unpleasant taste in your mouth

Complications of Impacted Wisdom Tooth

The two most common complications of having an impacted wisdom tooth are:

Gum infections. When bacteria build up around the gums, you can develop a gum infection called pericoronitis.
Tooth decay. It’s not uncommon for people with impacted wisdom teeth to experience tooth decay in the area. Since the tooth doesn’t grow normally, food gets trapped between the culprit and the gums. This feeds decay-causing bacteria. If left untreated, it could trigger gum disease.

Thus, it is important to have your wisdom teeth removed when they are the root of so much suffering.

How are Impacted Wisdom Teeth Diagnosed?

The first step is to have your teeth examined by a dental professional. They will check out the gums for swelling and redness. You will be asked questions about your symptoms. X-rays are a great diagnostic tool that can help identify impaction and inspect the condition of the underlying bone.

Impacted Wisdom Tooth Treatment Options

illustration of an extracted impacted wisdom tooth

If you have an impacted wisdom tooth that is causing a slew of issues, the only effective treatment is tooth extraction, or impacted wisdom tooth surgery. Oftentimes it is performed by an oral surgeon. The site is numbed with a local anaesthetic.

If the patient is too uncomfortable and nervous before the impacted tooth removal, they may be put to sleep. That being said, sedation and general anaesthesia carry risks, so they are rarely employed in this scenario.

The oral surgeon needs to make an incision into the gums to get better access to the third molars in question. They may have to break the tooth into pieces, taking them out one by one. Once the mission is complete, the opening is closed with a suture. A gauze helps to prevent bleeding.

Impacted tooth surgery is all the same regardless of the type of impaction you are dealing with. That said, horizontal wisdom tooth extraction may require some jaw bone removal.

Home Remedies for Impacted Wisdom Tooth Pain

If you have discomfort, swelling or pain around your impacted wisdom tooth, you could try and combat these with some home remedies. One thing that can relieve the pain is saltwater rinse. Simply place a few teaspoons of salt in some water and swirl it around your mouth. Do not swallow it. After a few minutes, spit it out. You can also try mouthwash.

Another option is to apply an ice pack to the jaw for 5-10 minutes. Do not let ice come in direct contact with your skin. Always wrap it around a clean towel before you place it over the face.

If everything else fails, your best bet is pain relief medication. Don’t forget that these remedies provide short-term relief. At the end of the day, if you want to get rid of the pain and discomfort once and for all, you should have your offending wisdom tooth removed.

What to Do Before Wisdom Tooth Surgery

Here are some dos and don'ts before you remove impacted wisdom teeth:

Do not smoke at least 12-24 hours before impacted wisdom teeth removal
Tell your dentist about any supplements or recreational drugs you are taking
Mention prescribed and over-the-counter medications
If you are going to be put to sleep, you should avoid drinking and eating after midnight the day before your surgery
Have some meals prepped in advance so you have something to eat as you get back home

What to Do After Impacted Wisdom Tooth Treatment

Once your impacted teeth are removed, you need to take extra care of the treatment area. Here is what you should and shouldn't do.

Follow a soft diet (blend your foods for as long as you need to)
Apply an ice pack or cold compresses to the jaw for a few minutes on the first day post-op
Do not spit, drink through a straw or rinse your mouth on day 1 of your oral and maxillofacial surgery (a blood clot will form in the tooth socket to keep it from bleeding and you don’t want to force it out of the gums)
Do not drink alcohol or smoke for at least 72 hours post-op - this will inhibit wound healing
Avoid hot drinks as they could cause the blood clot to come loose
Practice good oral hygiene during and after your recovery
If your pain gets worse after two to three days, contact your dentist immediately

Preventing Impacted Wisdom Teeth

Unfortunately, there are no known methods of preventing vertical or horizontal impacted wisdom tooth from happening. What you can do is keep up with your monthly appointments with the dentist, undergo regular cleanings, and have your wisdom teeth monitored with occasional X-rays (if necessary).

Ensuring your teeth are free from decay and gum disease is vital regardless of whether you have impacted wisdom teeth or not. You are not safe from problems with other teeth.

Frequently Asked Questions about Impacted Teeth

What happens if the impacted wisdom tooth is not removed?

As food keeps getting stuck between the gums and the impacted tooth, this will cause bacteria overgrowth and tooth decay, and is a risk factor for infection. If left unattended, the wisdom tooth may grow backwards or parallel to the jawline, making it hard for you to open and close your mouth.
In the meantime, this will cause lots of discomfort and pain. That’s why it is recommended that patients undergo impacted wisdom tooth extraction in due time.

Is it necessary to remove an impacted wisdom tooth?

It is advisable that you have your teeth taken out if they trigger dental issues. On the other hand, if you have asymptomatic impacted wisdom teeth, you don’t have to rush to the dentist yet. There is not enough data on whether surgical removal of asymptomatic impacted wisdom teeth is better than retention. More research is needed.

How long does an impacted wisdom tooth hurt for?

The pain could persist for a few days and then return after several months. Of course, if you have your wisdom tooth extracted, it will stop hurting altogether. Moreover, it won't be able to damage the tooth in front of it.

What do impacted wisdom teeth look like?

Impacted wisdom teeth may be partially visible above the gum line or may not be visible at all. If they remain hidden under the gums, you can see them only on an X-ray.

How are wisdom teeth impacted?

It is not uncommon to get an ingrown tooth in the gum. It occurs when the wisdom tooth doesn’t have enough room to grow and trapped food triggers bacteria accumulation around the area. Both dentists and oral and maxillofacial surgeons are qualified enough to detect impaction. They can also assess if any damage has occurred to adjacent teeth.

How long do wisdom teeth X-rays take?

A dental X-ray takes a couple of minutes. To get a good view of the wisdom teeth and the jawbone, you would usually need a panoramic X-ray. It really doesn’t take much time to complete.

Is wisdom tooth impacted? How do I tell?

Some of the signs that you may be dealing with an impacted wisdom tooth are swelling in the gums, swelling of the jaw, bleeding gums, bad breath, pain and discomfort around the area, and difficulty opening your mouth.

How to know you have wisdom teeth?

How to know you have a wisdom teeth situation? The early symptoms that your third molars are coming in include swelling, discomfort and pain in the area. Your gums will feel tender and may even bleed once in a while.

How do wisdom teeth affect the jaw?

As they are coming in, wisdom teeth could apply pressure to your other teeth, causing them to move slightly. As a result, this will trigger discomfort in the jaw. When they fully break through, all discomfort should go away (including that on other teeth).

Is horizontal wisdom teeth removal painful?

No, it’s not and the reason for this is, you will be given local anaesthesia. When the site is numbed, you are not likely to feel any pain while your fully or partially impacted wisdom tooth is being extracted.

Can wisdom teeth cause tooth decay?

Wisdom teeth can create the possibility of decay forming in the oral cavity. It can happen to the wisdom tooth in question, or the tooth in front of it (the second molar), or even spread further onto nearby teeth.

Do they dislocate your jaw to remove impacted wisdom teeth?

A lot of people are scared that the surgeon will have to 'break' their jaw in order to remove the impacted wisdom teeth. This could not be further from the truth.

How do they keep your mouth open during wisdom teeth removal?

If you are put to sleep during the procedure, the surgeon will place a device called a gag into your mouth to keep it open. If local anaesthesia is used, you will be able to keep your mouth open by yourself.

Can I shower after I have my impacted wisdom teeth extracted?

Yes, you can. There are no restrictions on that.

Wisdom Teeth Growing In - Signs & Symptoms

In ancient times, wisdom teeth were an important part of human dentition. This was due to the fact that our ancestors needed greater chewing power to grind the row and hard food that comprised the majority of their diets.

Nowadays, our eating behaviours have changed a lot and these teeth, which are also known as third molars, are no longer considered a necessity. Oftentimes, wisdom teeth do not even grow correctly because we do not have enough room in our jaws, and this leads to various problems. That is why the majority of dentists advise having wisdom teeth surgery to get them removed in early adulthood before they fully erupt.

But how to actually know whether your wisdom teeth are coming in? What does this process feel like, and what are the signs you should look for? Keep reading to learn more about wisdom teeth symptoms.

How do you know when your wisdom teeth are coming through?

Some people do not have any symptoms of any changes occurring in their mouths. Their wisdom teeth come in straight, and they do not even realize it. However, for others, this process is a real struggle, causing a variety of problems and unpleasant complications.

Signs that wisdom teeth are growing in

a man holding his cheek, experiencing wisdom tooth growing pains

It is possible to get your wisdom teeth easily and without experiencing any difficulties. However, in the vast majority of cases, wisdom teeth growth is accompanied by either minor or more serious complications.

Here we will list some common signs associated with wisdom teeth growing in.

Discomfort and dull ache in the back of your mouth
Soreness and stiffness of the jaw
Swelling of the gums located behind your second molars
Redness, bleeding, and tenderness of the gums
Bad breath and unpleasant taste in your mouth.

When your wisdom teeth begin to grow, it is a good idea to take an X-ray, so your dentist can identify if there are any problems and recommend if you need future extraction. It is also critical that you do not neglect your regular oral health checks. They allow your dentist to examine your mouth and detect any dental problems early on before any symptoms develop.

Signs that could indicate a problem

Experiencing mild discomfort, pain, and jaw stiffness does not necessarily mean that there is a problem with your third molar teeth. Such complications may occur during the growing process and disappear once your wisdom tooth fully comes out. However, there are some symptoms that may indicate that something is wrong with your wisdom teeth.

Here are the warning signs to look out for.

Gum recession and continuous bleeding
Throbbing pain around your wisdom tooth
Swelling in the gums or cheeks
Difficult and painful chewing and biting
Pain in neighbouring teeth
Fever.

Such symptoms may indicate a more serious problem, such as an infected impacted wisdom tooth. It is critical to understand the distinction between a normally erupting wisdom tooth and an impacted wisdom tooth because the latter frequently causes problems that require dental work.

Possible complications of impacted wisdom teeth

When there is not enough space in the dental arcades for the wisdom teeth to erupt fully and appropriately, they get stuck either under the gum line or bone. These teeth are known as impacted wisdom teeth. If left in the mouth, the impacted wisdom tooth can cause a variety of problems and unpleasant symptoms. Here we will list some of them.

Damage to the surrounding teeth

Oftentimes, the impacted wisdom teeth can put force on the nearby teeth and cause them to begin moving out of position. This pressure can also damage the other teeth and lead to cavities and infection of the gum tissue. As a result, you may eventually need to have both your wisdom tooth and the damaged adjacent tooth extracted.

Tooth decay

The partially erupted wisdom teeth are more vulnerable to developing tooth decay and cavity. These teeth can easily trap food and accumulate bacteria and debris. Your wisdom tooth may be tricky to keep clean even if you practice good oral hygiene.

Gum disease

As we said, impacted wisdom teeth create a food trap for bacteria to hide in, which is often difficult to clean. This, on the other hand, creates an ideal environment for developing an infection of the soft tissue. As a result, you may experience jaw pain and swollen gums. If left untreated, the infection can spread and cause severe pain.

Cyst

If you do not remove your infected wisdom tooth, you may develop a cyst filled with fluid around it. It can cause pain and may lead to more serious issues, such as the destruction of nerves and jaw bone.

In most cases, surgical removal of impacted wisdom teeth is the best treatment option. Most extraction procedures are performed by oral and maxillofacial surgeons. Wisdom tooth surgery is not painful since it is done under either local anaesthetic or mild sedation. Occasionally, oral surgeons may use general anaesthesia.

Is wisdom teeth removal always necessary?

Dentist holding tooth extraction devices

When your wisdom teeth have formed in a healthy position without causing any problems or complications related to your other teeth, then they may not need to be removed. The majority of dental professionals, however, recommend removing third molars regardless of whether you are experiencing any symptoms or have asymptomatic impacted wisdom teeth.

In most cases, wisdom teeth do not take part in chewing. Furthermore, they frequently appear sharp and cause injury to the oral mucosa or damage to the other teeth. Third molars are also prone to tooth decay and cavities because they are difficult to clean due to their location at the back of the jaw. Especially problematic are impacted wisdom teeth, which partially erupt or come out in the wrong position due to a limited amount of space in the jaw.

Wisdom teeth extraction is easier in your early twenties or when the teeth are still growing, that is, when the bone surrounding the tooth is not as dense. In this case, recovery would be quicker and easier.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why is my wisdom tooth not coming out?

There are a few possible explanations for your wisdom teeth not growing in. Your wisdom teeth can develop later in life, after the age of 24-25. It is also possible that they will never come in at all. One of the most common reasons for third molars not coming out is a lack of space in the jaw, also known as impacted wisdom teeth.

How painful is the wisdom tooth removal procedure?

Wisdom tooth surgery is not painful since it is done under anaesthesia or sedation. You may have slight discomfort or pain for the next couple of days after the procedure. Your recovery may take four to seven days, depending on the complexity of your operation.

Depending on the complexity of your operation, your recovery could take four to seven days. It is critical that you follow your surgeon's instructions in order to heal faster and more smoothly.

At what age are wisdom teeth coming in?

Wisdom teeth may emerge during late adolescence (17-18) or young adulthood (18-25). They are usually the last teeth in the mouth. You should normally have four wisdom teeth located at the bottom left, bottom right, top left, and top right quadrants of the mouth.
It is possible to get your wisdom teeth easily and without experiencing any difficulties. However, in the vast majority of cases, wisdom teeth cause dental complications and require surgical extraction.

How long do wisdom teeth take to grow through?

The time may differ from person to person. Your wisdom teeth may fully come out within 6-8 months after the initial eruption. However, it is possible to have that initial phase and have your teeth partially emerge, but then they stop growing. This could be due to a lack of space in your mouth, causing the new teeth to become stuck behind adjacent teeth or bones.

How painful is an impacted wisdom tooth?

The growth of impacted wisdom teeth usually causes pain, which may vary from mild discomfort to severe, throbbing pain. It is dependent on your specific situation and whether or not your tooth is infected. You may experience intense soreness if you have a cavity, gum disease or cyst. In such cases, it is essential to see a dentist as soon as you can. The longer you wait to seek wisdom tooth pain relief, the more likely you will need a more complex wisdom tooth extraction procedure.

What Are Wisdom Teeth?

Mandibular wisdom teeth are the last teeth to emerge out of all your adult teeth. They begin to develop in your late teens and continue to grow in your early twenties. There are a total of four wisdom teeth, although some people don't have a full set of these. They are also known as third molars.

The trouble with these is that they don't always have enough room to grow. Sometimes they partially emerge creating a painful condition. Lower wisdom teeth tend to be more troublesome than their upper counterparts. If you stick with this post, we will answer questions about wisdom tooth growth and public health, elaborating on the problems that can arise and the corresponding solutions.

Does Everyone Have Wisdom Teeth?

Let's start off with this one. Although most adults get wisdom teeth, not everyone does. It seems that as we evolve, our jaws are changing. These days, around 35% of folks don’t have any wisdom teeth at all, whereas 20-25% have one to three of these.

Apparently, genetics is to blame for why some individuals are born without third molars. Other factors that can contribute to these are ethnicity and the environment.

There seems to be a tendency toward lacking wisdom teeth. Research has shown that children are more likely to not develop third molars later on when they are administered local anaesthesia for dental work between the ages of 2 and 6.

This suggests that injections with numbing agents early on in life could help prevent the development of wisdom teeth and therefore spare us potential complications such as damage to nearby teeth.

What Are Impacted Wisdom Teeth (Impacted Third Molars)?

Impacted wisdom teeth are trapped under the gum line and won't grow normally like the other teeth. As a result of this, they will partially erupt.

You see, tooth eruption requires space. When there is not enough room in the mouth, a wisdom tooth may be affected in that it will grow at a wrong angle, for example horizontally.

Moreover, an abnormal position of the third molar could also lead to impacted wisdom teeth. Another cause is obstruction. It can be said that this condition is common. Around 72% of people have at least one impacted wisdom tooth.

Because of its wrong position, a partially erupted and impacted wisdom tooth pushes against the other teeth, causing teeth movement, overcrowding, and tooth decay, among other dental issues. According to the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons, the best way to deal with this is to have it removed. If it has triggered other dental problems along the way, orthodontic treatment will be necessary.

Infected Wisdom Tooth Symptoms

Toothache
Jaw pain
Swollen or red gums
Bad breath
Swelling in the jaw area
Difficulty opening your mouth

Wisdom Tooth in Sinus Cavity Symptoms

Sometimes as they grow, wisdom teeth can push against the sinuses and provoke symptoms like the following:

Congestion
Headaches
Pressure in the sinuses
Sinus pain

Why Does Wisdom Tooth Need to be Removed?

If your four wisdom teeth show signs of tooth decay or become infected, that’s one reason to have them extracted. If they grow too close to the other molars causing damage to the structure, that’s another. In other words, when these teeth cause dental problems, you should consider getting rid of them.

That being said, if you have asymptomatic third molars, meaning they have developed normally and don't cause any issues, you don't need to have them extracted.

Simple Extraction vs Surgical Extraction of Impacted Wisdom Teeth

A simple extraction is carried out on fully erupted teeth only. The dentist operates dental instruments to loosen the tooth out of its socket and take it out. A local anaesthetic is applied to the gums to numb the area.

On the other hand, surgical extractions are more complex. They are performed for partially erupted or impacted teeth. The dentist makes an incision into the gums in order to get access to the tooth in question. Sometimes they go as far as to cut part of the bone. The impacted wisdom teeth may have to be slashed into pieces to facilitate the extraction process.

Is Wisdom Tooth Extraction Painful?

Generally, you shouldn't feel pain. Surgical removal of wisdom teeth is part of oral and maxillofacial surgery. It involves the use of local anaesthesia which numbs the area, keeping the patient from experiencing any pain. If you do feel pain during the procedure, you should speak up. Your dentist will give your more anaesthetic as necessary.

Otherwise, you should only feel slight pressure as the specialist is moving the tooth back and forth in an attempt to widen the tooth socket.

Now, it's worth noting there are patients who do not respond to the medication as expected and may not become completely numb, or the effects of the agent may wear off too soon - before the tooth has been removed.

If you are aware that you have such a problem, let your dentist or oral surgeon know ahead of time so they can consider other desensitisation methods for your wisdom tooth removal. Depending on the case, some oral surgeons resort to general anaesthesia.

Complications Arising from Wisdom Teeth Removal

Most wisdom teeth will heal just fine after extraction but sometimes there can be complications such as:

Slow healing of the soft tissue
Pain and swelling
Excessive bleeding
Bad smell
Dry socket (a dry socket is when no blood clot forms in the area, leaving the wound incapable of healing)
Inability to open your mouth wide

Needless to say, there are certain things you can do to minimise your risk of complications. For instance, you should stay on top of your oral hygiene. By keeping your mouth clean in those critical days following your surgery, you will reduce the probability of infection. Use an antiseptic mouthwash.

You should also blend your food so that you don't need to chew. If necessary, apply gauze to the treatment site to stop bleeding. Many dentists will close the gums with a suture to ensure the wound heals faster without bleeding too much.

What Happens If You Don't Remove Wisdom Teeth?

If your wisdom teeth have come in properly and parallel to the jaw, they are unlikely to cause any trouble. Thus, there will be no complications if you don’t have your wisdom teeth removed. But if they are impacted, they can move your permanent structures out of place, causing chips and cracks on the surface. This will also lead to decay.

Is It Good to Remove Wisdom Teeth?

It depends on the case. If your wisdom teeth don’t cause any problems, there are no benefits of removing them. The same does not apply if you have impacted wisdom teeth that cause severe pain and inflammation, or if they have grown so close to the adjacent teeth that they create the opportunity for cavities, tooth decay, and other dental health problems. In that case, having them taken out will be advised.

What Happens If You Wait Too Long to Get Wisdom Teeth Out?

Failing to take care of your wisdom tooth in time may lead to serious oral infections. People with other health problems such as lower immunity might actually suffer from complications as a result of these infections.

Additionally, you could get swollen lymph nodes, jaw spasms, and facial swelling. Even though your dentist will suggest some form of treatment, the problem will only resolve with oral and maxillofacial surgery, a.k.a wisdom teeth removal.

Can Wisdom Teeth Fall Out Naturally Without the Need for Wisdom Teeth Removal?

The wisdom teeth are the same as our permanent teeth, meaning they stay in place with the help of the jawbone. Therefore, it is unlikely that they fall out naturally without any pressure being applied to them.

However, if you have severe periodontitis (gum disease) and you suffer from bone loss as a result of that, your third molar teeth may loosen and even fall out at a certain time. Of course, you need to keep in mind that this would happen to the other teeth as well and it’s a scenario you want to avoid.

Frequently Asked Questions about Wisdom Teeth

Why is it called wisdom teeth?

The reason that third molar teeth are referred to as wisdom teeth is that they emerge much later in life than our adult teeth, specifically between the ages of 17 and 25.

Why does my wisdom tooth hurt more at night?

The reason that you feel more pain at night from your wisdom teeth or other teeth is simple. When you are lying down, more blood accumulates in that area due to gravity. This can increase the pain you are experiencing.

What is the purpose of wisdom teeth?

According to scientists, the third molars served as a spare set of teeth that would allow us to tear and chew coarse food. These days, we no longer need them because we can cut our food with utensils.

How can I know if my wisdom teeth are coming in without going to oral and maxillofacial surgeons?

When the teeth are trying to come in, you may experience jaw pain, tender or bleeding gums, swelling around the area, and bad breath. Some people may find it hard to open their mouths wide. Others may have a bad taste in their mouth.

How long does wisdom tooth growing pain last?

Wisdom teeth growth triggers dull pain and discomfort that will come and go as your third molar teeth are trying to break through the gums. Once they emerge in full, the pain should go away. Sometimes it takes years for this process to complete, which means you may have to deal with these episodes of pain for a long time.